The Effect of Task-based Language Teaching on University Students’ Writing Ability and Metacognitive Awareness

Helaluddin Helaluddin, Mohammed H. Al Aqad, Ririn Martuti, Hasmawaty Hasmawaty, Harmelia Tulak

Abstract


In producing competent college graduates in the 21st century, two skills must be taught to students: writing and metacognitive skills. This research explores the impact of the task-based teaching-learning method on Sharia banking students' writing and metacognitive abilities at a state university in Banten Province, Indonesia. This research used a pretest-posttest experimental design involving 60 students. Data collection in the research used essay writing tests, essay writing assessment rubrics, and metacognitive skills questionnaires. Next, the data was analyzed using a quantitative approach by running the SPSS 20.00 program with paired sample t-test and one-way ANCOVA. The research results show that the TBLT model can improve students' writing performance and metacognition skills. This means that there has been a significant change in the average score in writing ability [t = -16.871, p < .000] and writing metacognitive awareness score [t = -17.197, p < .000] in the experimental group that received treatment with the task model. -based language teaching (TBLT). This study recommends that the TBLT method can be used as an alternative for teachers to simultaneously improve writing abilities and metacognition skills. In addition, this study emphasizes the importance of using comprehensive learning methods to develop both skills.


Keywords


Metacognitive awareness; Task-based Language Teaching; Writing ability

Full Text:

FULL PDF

References


Ahmadian, M. J. (2016). Task-based language teaching and learning. Language Learning Journal, 44(4), 377–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2016.1236523

Ahmed, R. Z., & Bidin, S. J. B. (2016). The effect of task based language teaching on writing skills of EFL learners in Malaysia. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 6(3), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2016.63022

Al-Shabibi, A., & Alkharusi, H. (2018). Mathematical problem-solving and metacognitive skills of 5th grade students as afunction of gender and level of academic achievement. Cypriot Journal of Education Sciences, 13(2), 149–159.

Albino, G. (2017). Improving speaking fluency in a task-based language teaching approach: The case of EFL learners at PUNIV-Cazenga. SAGE Open, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017691077

Anwar, K., & Arifani, Y. (2016). Task based language teaching: Development of CALL. International Education Studies, 9(6), 168. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n6p168

Belenkova, Y. S. (2021). Metacognitive skills and reflection as essential components of self-education. MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends & Practices, 10(1), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.52634/mier/2020/v10/i1/1360

Bryfonski, L., & Mckay, T. H. (2019). TBLT implemetation and evaluation: A meta-analysis. Language Teaching Research, 23(5), 603–632. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168817744389

Bygate, M. (2016). Sources developments and directions of task-based language teaching. The Language Learning Journal, 44(4), 381–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2015.1039566

Chaterdon, K., & College, M. (2019). Writing into awareness: How metacognitive awareness can be encouraged through comtemplative teaching practices. Across The Disciplines, 16(1), 50–65. https://doi.org/10.37514/ATD-J.2019.16.1.05

Chou, M. H. (2017). A Task-based language teaching approach to developing metacognitive strategies for listening comprehension. International Journal of Listening, 31(1), 51–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/10904018.2015.1098542

Conkin, C., Hinton, B., Ross, K., Schram, B., Pope, R., & Orr, R. (2020). Inter-rater reliability and a training effect of the functional movement screen in police physical training instructors. Cogent Social Sciences, 6(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1763769

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Resesearch design: Qualitative, quantitatives and mixed methods approaches. Sage

East, M. (2021). Foundational principles of task-based language teaching. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/0781003039709

Ellis, R. (2004). Task-based language learning and teaching. Oxford University Press.

Ellis, R. (2019). Towards a modular laguage curriculum for usig tasks. Laguage Teachig Research, 23(4), 454–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818765315

Escorcia, D., & Gimenes, M. (2020). Metacognitive components of writing: Construction and validation of the metacognitive components of planning writing self-inventory (mcpw-i). European Review of Applied Psychology, 70(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2019.100515

Farahian, M. (2017). Developing and validating a metacognitive writing questionnaire for EFL learners. Issues in Educational Research, 27(4), 736–750. http://www.iier.org.au/iier.html

Farahian, M., & Avarzamani, F. (2018). Metacognitive awareness of skilled and less-skilled EFL writers. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 3(10), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-018-0052-4

Gebele, D., Zepter, A. L., Königs, P., & Budke, A. (2022). Metacognition in argumentative writing based on multiple sources in geography education. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 12(8), 948–974. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12080069

Goctu, R. (2017). Metacognitive strategies in academic writing. Journal of Education in Black Sea Region, 2(2), 82–96. ile:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/44-Article Text-155-1-10-20170614.pdf

Guchle, V. D. M., Braaksma, M., Rijlaarsdam, G., & Bimmel, P. (2015). Learning new grammatical structures in task-based language learning: The effects of recasts and prompts. Modern Language Journal, 99, 246–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12211

Güner, P., & Erbay, H. N. (2021). Metacognitive skills and problem-solving. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 7(3), 715–734. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijres.1594

Guo, S., & Mollering, M. (2016). The implementation of task-based teaching in an online Chinese class through web conferencing. System, 62, 26–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2016.07.003

Hasnain, S., & Halder, S. (2021). Task-based language yeaching approach for improving speaking fluency: Case study of trainee teachers in West Bengal. World Fitires: The Journal of New Paradigm Resaerch. https://doi.org/10.1080/02604027.2021.1996189

Helaluddin, H., Nurhayati, N., Nadya, N. L., Ismail, G., Guntur, M., & Fransori, A. (2023). The use of collaborative strategies to improve students’ writing ability and self-efficacy: A mixed method study. European Journal of Educational Research, 12(1), 265–280. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.265

Helaluddin, H., Mannahali, M., Purwati D., Alamsyah A., & Wijaya H. (2023). An Investigation into the Effect of Problem-based Learning on Learners’ Writing Performance, Critical and Creative Thinking Skills. Journal of Language and Education, 9(2), 101-117. https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2023.14704

Hosseini, M. S., Bavali, M., & Rezvani, R. (2020). Wiki-based collaborative writing in EFL classrooms: Fluency and learners’ attitudes in focus. Cogent Arts and Humanities, 7(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2020.1826649

Jacobs, H. L., Zinkgraf, S. A., Wormuth, D. R., Hearfiel, V. F., & Hughey, J. B. (1981). Testing ESL composition: A practical approach. Newbury House. https://doi.org/10.1177/026553228400100210

Kafipour, R., Mahmoudi, E., & Khojasteh, L. (2018). The effect of task-based language teaching on analytic writing in EFL classrooms. Cogent Education, 5(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2018.1496627

Khatib, M., & Dehghankar, A. (2018). The impact of task-based language teaching on ESP learners’ productive skills: From task-based instruction to investigation of learners’ and instructors’ attitudes toward the course. Issue in Language Teaching, 7(2), 1–28.

Kuiper, R. (2002). Enhancing metacognition through the reflective use of self-regulated learning strategies. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 33(2), 78–87.

Lambert, C., Aubrey, S., & Bui, G. (2023). The role of the learner in task-based language teaching: Theory and research methods. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003227267

Leopold, C., & Leutner, D. (2015). Improving students’ science text comprehension through metacognitive self-regulation when applying learning strategies. Metacognition and Learning, 10, 313–346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-014-9130-2

Lestari, P., Ristanto, R. H., & Miarsyah, M. (2019). Analysis of conceptual understanding of botany and metacognitive skill in pre-service biology teacher in Jakarta Indonesia. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 7(2), 199–214. https://doi.org/10.17475/jegys.515978

Liu, Y., & Ren, W. (2021). Task-based language teaching in a local EFL context: Chinese university teachers’ beliefs and practices. Language Teaching Research, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688211044247

Lu, J., & Jiang, H. (2016). Chinese education and learning activities outside of class: What lies beyond basic education? International Education Studies, 9(4), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n4p54

Maawa, P. K. L., & Cruz, R. O. D. (2019). Remedial and corrective feedback strategies for improving students’ English proficiency. International Journal of Language Education, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v1i1.779

Maduabuchi, C. H., Ogbonnaya, I., & Angela, I. (2016). Teaching metacognitive skills for the promotion of self-regulated learning among secondary school students in Nigeria. British Journal of Education, 4(10), 74–84. http://www.eajournals.org/

Mehta, S. R., & Al-Mahrooqi, R. (2015). Can thinking be taught? Linking critical thinking and writing in an EFL context. RELC Journal, 46(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688214555356

Muawiyah, D., Yamtinah, S., & Indriyanti, N. Y. (2009). Modelling testlet instrument in blended learning design to assess students’ metacognition in the environmental chemistry course. Journal of Physics: Conferences Series, 1157(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/4/042012

Mulyadi, D., Wijayatiningsih, T. D., Swaran Singh, C. K., & Prastikawati, E. F. (2021). Effects of technology enhanced task-based language teaching on learners’ listening comprehension and speaking performance. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 717–736. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14342a

Musazay, A., & Khalid, M. (2017). Teachers’ perspectives on task-based language teaching: A case study at international Islamic university Malaysia. IIUM Journal of Educational Studies, 5(1), 62–75.

Ohtani, K., & Hisasaki, T. (2018). Beyond intelligence: A meta-analytic review of the relationship among metacognition, intelligence, and academic performance. Metacognition and Learning, 13, 179–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-018-9183-8

Omar, Z., Jamaludin, N., & Arshad, M. (2021). Effects of task-based language teaching on speaking skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 46(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.17576/JPEN-2021-46.01-05

Ortega, L. (2015). Research CLIL and TBLT interfaces. System, 54, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.09.002

Oshima, A., & Hogue, A. (2006). Writing academic English. Pearson Longman.

Pham, V. P. H., Hong, C. T., & Nguyen, N. H. V. (2021). The effects of task-based instruction on high school students’ writing outcomes. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning, 11(4), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJCBPL.288499

Pingmuang, P., & Koraneekij, P. (2022). Mobile-assisted language learning using task-based approach and gamification for enhancing writing skills in EFL students. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 20(5), 623–638. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2339

Pitenoee, M. R., Modaberi, A., & Ardestani, E. M. (2017). The effect of cognitive and metacognitive writing strategies on content of the Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ writing. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 8(3), 594–600. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0803.19

Putarek, V., & Pavlin-Bernardic, N. (2020). The role of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, achievement goals, and engagement in academic cheating. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 35, 647–671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-019-00443-7

Rahimi, M., & Fathi, J. (2021). Exploring the impact of wiki-mediated collaborative writing on EFL students’ writing performance, writing self-regulation, and writing self-efficacy: A mixed methods study. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 1–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1888753

Ramadhanti, D., & Mana, L. A. (2018). Comparison of brainstrorming and mind mapping techniques in argumentation writing learning. Curricula: Journal of Teaching and Learning, 3(3), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.22216/jcc.2018.v3i3.2024

Ramadhanti, D., & Yanda, D. P. (2021). Students’ metacognitive awareness and its impact on writing skill. International Journal of Language Education, 5(3), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v5i3.18978

Rodríguez-Peñarroja, M. (2022). Integrating project-based learning, task-based language teaching approach and Youtube in the ESP Class: A study on students’ motivation. Teaching English with Technology, 22(1), 62–81.

Schraw, G., & Moshman, D. (1995). Metacognitive theories. Educational Psychology, 7(4), 351–371. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02212307

Schuster, C., Stebner, F., Leutner, D., & Wirth, J. (2020). Transfer of metacognitive skills in self-regulated learning: An experimental training study. Metacognition and Learning, 15(3), 455–477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-020-09237-5

Setyowati, L., & Sukmawan, S. (2019). Authentic materials for teaching writing: A critical look. International Journal of Language Education, 3(2), 68–77. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v3i2.9609

Spada, N. (2022). Reflecting on task-based language teaching from an instructed SLA perspective. Language Teaching, 55(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026144821000161

Suastra, I. M., & Menggo, S. (2020). Empowering students’ writing skill through theory and practice. Routledge.

Sundari, H., Febriyanti, R. H., & Saragih, G. (2018). Using task-based materials in teaching writing for EFL classes in Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 7(3), 119. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.3p.119

Surati, Safitri, D., Bachtiar, S., Rijal, M., & Mastuti, A. G. (2021). Metacognitive skills for the integrated problem based numbered head together learning. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 56(2), 605–617. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.2.49

Talib, T., & Cheung, Y. I. N. L. (2017). Collaborative writing in classroom instruction: A synthesis of recent research. The English Teacher, 46(2), 43–57.

Thongchalerm, S., & Jarunthawatchai, W. (2020). The impact of genre based instruction on EFL learners’ writing developmnet. International Journal of Instruction, 13(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.1311a

Tosuncuoglu, I., & Kirmizi, O. (2019). A review on writing metacognitive awareness of Turkish advanced level EFL learners. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 6(1), 136–149. http://www.iojet.org/index.php/IOJET/article/view/562

Valli, K. S., & Priya, N. S. V. (2016). A task-based approach to develop the writing skills in English of students at college level. Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 11(3), 2145–2148. http://www.ripublication.com

Veramuthu, P., & Md Shah, P. (2020). Effectiveness of collaborative writing among secondary school students in an ESL classroom. Creative Education, 11(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2020.111004

Willis, J. (1996). A framework for task-based learning. Longman.

Xu, J., & Fan, Y. (2022). Finding success with the implementation of task-based language teaching: The role of teacher agency. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 35(1), 18–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2021.1906268

Yeh, H. C., Heng, L., & Tseng, S. S. (2020). Exploring the impact of video making on students’ writing skills. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 53(4), 446–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2020.1795955

Zepeda, C. D., Hlutkowsky, C. O., Partika, A. C., & Nokes-Malach, T. J. (2019). Identifying teachers’ supports of metacognition through classroom talk and its relation to growth in conceptual learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(3), 522–541. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000300

Zepeda, C. D., Richey, J. E., Ronevich, P., & Nokes-Malach, T. J. (2015). Direct instruction of metacognition benefits adolescent science learning, transfer, and motivation: An in vivo study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(4), 954–970. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000022

Ziegler, N. (2016). Taking technology to task: Technology-mediated TBLT, performance, and production. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 36, 136–163. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0267190516000039




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i4.12543

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Helaluddin Helaluddin

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching (p-issn: 2338-0810 | e-issn: 2621-1378) has been Indexed/Listed by

 Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.