Toxicity and Antioxidant Activity Test of Rambutan Seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L.)

Alvionita Puspa Arum, Agung Rahmadani, Laode Rijai, Harra Ismi Farah

Abstract


Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) seeds have long been utilized in traditional medicine due to their potential therapeutic properties. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite profile, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of rambutan seeds to strengthen their potential application in traditional medicine. The powdered of rambutan seed was extracted with a maceration technique using methanol, followed by fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Toxicity test was conducted using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), and antioxidant activity was carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of secondary metabolites such as phenols, tannins, and flavonoids in both the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction. Toxicity testing indicated LC₅₀ values of 688.86 ppm for the methanol extract and 825.68 ppm for the ethyl acetate fraction. Antioxidant activity assessment revealed IC₅₀ values of 328.61 ppm for the methanol extract and the higher activity for ethyl acetate fraction of 32.78 ppm. These results indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction of rambutan seeds may serve as a promising natural source of antioxidants for therapeutic development.

Keywords


antioxidant; Nephelium lappaceum semen; rambutan seed; toxicity.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.16376

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