Alpha Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Curcumin Analogs and Its Synergy with Ferulic Acid in Vitro

Khoirotun Nafillah, Helena Devi Ariyani, Lia Retian Asfirah

Abstract


Curcumin analog compounds are α,β unsaturated compounds through simplifying the beta diketo group to monoketo, which has better bioavailability and a more stable structure than curcumin compounds. This study aims to determine the α-amylase inhibitory activity on symmetric curcumin analog compounds, namely the compounds 2,6-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidine)cyclohexanone (A) and 2,6-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidine)cyclopentanone (B). as well as testing its synergistic interaction with ferulic acid in vitro. The α-amylase inhibition test was carried out using an iodine reagent and a starch solution as a substrate. The absorbance value was measured using a UV-vis spectrophotometer (λ 568 nm), and the % inhibition was calculated. The average value of the optimum α-amylase inhibition percentage for compounds A, B, and ferulic acid, respectively is 58.17%; 22.95%, and 93.52%. Based on the synergistic interaction, it was concluded that compounds A and B showed synergistic activity with ferulic acid. The percentage of α-amylase inhibition in the concentration ratio of curcumin analog A: ferulic acid (1:8) was 98.65%, and curcumin analog B: ferulic acid (1:4) was 98.37%. This shows that combining compounds between symmetrical curcumin analogs and ferulic acid can increase the activity of antidiabetic drug candidate compounds compared to single compounds. This study offers a new approach by testing the potential combination of curcumin and ferulic acid analogues as α-amylase inhibitors in vitro, demonstrating a synergy that has not been widely explored and opening up opportunities for developing more effective natural antidiabetic therapies.


Keywords


α-amylase; curcumin analogs; synergistic; ferulic acid

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v13i3.15683

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