The Role of Career Exploration Behavior as A Mediator in The Relationship Between Social Support and Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among High School Students

Atika Rahmania El Barusi, Puji Lestari Suharso

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the role of career exploration behavior as a mediator of the relationship between social support and career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) among high school students. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. The participants were in 10th and 11th grade in Jabodetabek High Schools (N = 130). Data were collected using convenience sampling. The instruments used in this research comprised the Career Decision Self-Efficacy-Short Form (CDSE-SF), Adolescent Social Support Scales (ASSS), and Career Exploration Survey (CES). All data were analyzed statistically by descriptive, correlation, and mediation analysis. The results show that career exploration behavior fully mediates the relationship between social support and CDMSE (c = 0.208; p < 0.001). While external support from parents, teachers, and friends is crucial, internal factors are equally essential to help high school students plan their careers effectively. High school students need access to various useful information from their surroundings to actively engage in career exploration and gain the confidence needed to make informed career decisions. In this study, it was found that for students to have career decision self-efficacy, social support and career exploration behavior are needed in high school students.

Keywords


Career Decision; Self-Efficacy; Career Exploration Behavior; Social Support; Students.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alaei, M. M., & Hosseinnezhad, H. (2020). The development and validation of peer support questionnaire (PSQ). Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly (Formerly Journal of Teaching Language Skills), 39(3.2), 67-109. https://doi.org/10.22099/jtls.2021.38853.2906

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173

Bubic, A. (2017). The relevance of self‐evaluations for students’ career optimism. Journal of Employment Counseling, 54(3), 100–114. https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/joec.12059

Byrne, D., & Baron, R. A. (2003). Psikologi sosial. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Chan, C. C. (2018). The relationship among social support, career self-efficacy, career exploration, and career choices of Taiwanese college athletes. Journal of hospitality, leisure, sport & tourism education, 22, 105-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2017.09.004

Chasanah, A. M., & Salim, R. M. A. (2019). Parental support, career exploration, and career decision-making self-efficacy in Junior High School students. ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 34(4), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.24123/aipj.v34i4.2581

Chen, C., & Vinitwatanakhun, W. (2020). Improving students’ career decision making through organization development interventions-a course design of career exploration in the international college of Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages.

Choi, B. Y., Park, H., Yang, E., Lee, S. K., Lee, Y., & Lee, S. M. (2012). Understanding career decision self-efficacy: A meta-analytic approach. Journal of Career Development, 39(5), 443-460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845311398042

Downing, H. M., & Nauta, M. M. (2010). Separation-individuation, exploration, and identity diffusion as mediators of the relationship between attachment and career indecision. Journal of Career Development, 36(3), 207-227. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845309345848

Esters, L. T. (2008). Influence of Career Exploration Process Behaviors on Agriculture Students' Level of Career Certainty. Journal of Agricultural Education, 49(3), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2008.03023

Fadhillah, S. H., & Yudiana, W. (2020). Kesulitan pengambilan keputusan karier pada siswa di daerah rural: Bagaimana peran dukungan sosial. Persona: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 9(2), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.30996/persona.v9i2.3375

Febriana, L. Z., & Masykur, A. M. (2022). Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Keluarga Dengan Efikasi Diri Pengambilan Keputusan Karir Pada Siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sayung Demak. Jurnal Empati, 10(6), 390-396.

Freedman, L. (2013). The developmental disconnect in choosing a major: Why institutions should prohibit choice until second year. The Mentor: An Academic Advising Journal, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.26209/mj1561278

Gilstrap, D. A. (2016). The influence of perceived barriers, perceived social support, and career decision-making self efficacy on high school juniors’ and seniors’ postsecondary plans. Dissertation: The University of Mississippi.

Guan, Y., Liu, S., Guo, M. J., Li, M., Wu, M., Chen, S. X., ... & Tian, L. (2018). Acculturation orientations and Chinese student Sojourners' career adaptability: The roles of career exploration and cultural distance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 104, 228-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.11.008

Guay, F., Ratelle, C. F., Senécal, C., Larose, S., & Deschênes, A. (2006). Distinguishing developmental from chronic career indecision: Self-efficacy, autonomy, and social support. Journal of career assessment, 14(2), 235-251. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/1069072705283975

Gushue, G. V., Scanlan, K. R., Pantzer, K. M., & Clarke, C. P. (2006). The relationship of career decision-making self-efficacy, vocational identity, and career exploration behavior in African American high school students. Journal of career development, 33(1), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845305283004

Hirschi, A., Niles, S. G., & Akos, P. (2011). Engagement in adolescent career preparation: Social support, personality and the development of choice decidedness and congruence. Journal of adolescence, 34(1), 173-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.12.009

Hou, C., Wu, Y., & Liu, Z. (2019). Career decision-making self-efficacy mediates the effect of social support on career adaptability: A longitudinal study. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 47(5), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8157

Hou, C., Wu, Y., & Liu, Z. (2019). Career decision-making self-efficacy mediates the effect of social support on career adaptability: A longitudinal study. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 47(5), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8157

Hurlock, E. B. (2010). Developmental psychology: an approach throughout the lifespan. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Jemini-Gashi, L., Duraku, Z. H., & Kelmendi, K. (2021). Associations between social support, career self-efficacy, and career indecision among youth. Current Psychology, 40, 4691-4697. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-019-00402-x

Jiang, Z., Newman, A., Le, H., Presbitero, A., & Zheng, C. (2019). Career exploration: A review and future research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 338-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.08.008

Ketterson, T. U., & Blustein, D. L. (1997). Attachment relationships and the career exploration process. Career Development Quarterly, 46(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1997.tb01003.x

London, M. (1983). Toward a theory of career motivation. Academy of management review, 8(4), 620-630. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.2307/258263

London, M. (2014). Career barriers: How people experience, overcome, and avoid failure. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315805764

Miraglia, M., Alessandri, G., & Borgogni, L. (2015). Trajectory classes of job performance: The role of self-efficacy and organizational tenure. Career Development International. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-03-2015-0032

Miraglia, M., Alessandri, G., & Borgogni, L. (2015). Trajectory classes of job performance: The role of self-efficacy and organizational tenure. Career development international, 20(4), 424-442. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-03-2015-0032

Nurmalasari, Y., & Erdiantoro, R. (2020). Perencanaan Dan Keputusan Karier: Konsep Krusial Dalam Layanan BK Karier. Quanta, 4(1), 44-51. https://doi.org/10.22460/q.v4i1p44-51.1709

Papalia, D. E., Feldman, R. D., & Martorell, G. (2012). Experience human development (12th ed.). New York:McGraw-Hill International Edition

Park, K., Woo, S., Park, K., Kyea, J., & Yang, E. (2017). The mediation effects of career exploration on the relationship between trait anxiety and career indecision. Journal of Career Development, 44(5), 440-452. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845316662346

Porfeli, E. J., & Lee, B. (2012). Career development during childhood and adolescence. New directions for youth development, 2012(134), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/yd.20011

Purnawanto, A. T. (2022). Perencanakan pembelajaran bermakna dan asesmen Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Pedagogy, 15(1), 75-94. https://doi.org/10.17509/jik.v18i1.35868

Rossallina, L., & Salim, R. A. (2019). Perilaku eksplorasi karier, dukungan sosial, dan keyakinan dalam pengambilan keputusan karier SMP. Persona: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 8(2), 224-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/persona.v8i2.2627

Salim, R. M. A., Istiasih, M. R., Rumalutur, N. A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023). The role of career decision self-efficacy as a mediator of peer support on students’ career adaptability. Heliyon, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14911

Sari, P., Bulantika, S. Z., Smith, M. B., & Korompot, S. (2023). Pemahaman Guru Bk Terhadap Penghapusan Jurusan Di Jenjang SMA Pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Superior Education Journal, 1(1), 18-23.

Sawitri, D.R. (2009). Pengaruh status identitas dan efikasi diri keputusan karir terhadap keraguan mengambil keputusan karir pada mahasiswa tahun pertama di Universitas Diponegoro. Jurnal Psikologi Undip.

Stacy, M. E. W. (2003). Influences of selected demographic variables on the Career Decision-making Self-efficacy of college seniors. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College. https://doi.org/10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.1023

Stumpf, S. A., Colarelli, S. M., & Hartman, K. (1983). Development of the career exploration survey (CES). Journal of vocational behavior, 22(2), 191-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(83)90028-3

Suciati, I. (2013). The Role Career Specific Parenting Behavior Support Interference And Lack Of Engagement As Moderator The Effect Of Job Insecurity To Career Decision Self Efficacy. Thesis. University of Indonesia

Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), 282-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90056-1

Super, D. E., & Hall, D. T. (1978). Career development: Exploration and planning. Annual Review of Psychology, 29, 333–372. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.ps.29.020178.002001

Tadele, G., & Terefe, E. (2016). Influence of career self-efficacy beliefs on career exploration behaviours among TVET college students in Wollega zones town. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 5(1), 108-114. https://doi.org/10.4314/star.v5i1.17

Taveira, M. D. C., & Moreno, M. L. R. (2003). Guidance theory and practice: The status of career exploration. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 31(2), 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1080/030698803100010236

Taylor, K. M., & Betz, N. E. (1983). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the understanding and treatment of career indecision. Journal of vocational behavior, 22(1), 63-81. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/0001-8791(83)90006-4

To, S. M., Yang, L., Lau, C. D., Wong, C. W. V., & Su, X. (2022). Associations of parental variables and youth’s career decision-making self-efficacy: A meta-analysis. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 1-15. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/s10826-021-02125-9

Vertsberger, D., & Gati, I. (2015). The effectiveness of sources of support in career decision-making: A two-year follow-up. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.06.004

Vhalery, R., Setyastanto, A. M., & Leksono, A. W. (2022). Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka: Sebuah Kajian Literatur. Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(1), 185-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/rdje.v8i1.11718

Vignoli, E., Croity-Belz, S., Chapeland, V., de Fillipis, A., & Garcia, M. (2005). Career exploration in adolescents: The role of anxiety, attachment, and parenting style. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67(2), 153-168. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.jvb.2004.08.006




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v10i1.10245

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran

E-ISSN: 2442-7667

Published by LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Email: [email protected] 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.