Inhibition of α-Glucosidase Enzyme by Ethanol Extract of Kratom Leaf Variant (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.)

Dinda Kartika Wijayanti, Masriani Masriani, Dzul Fadly, Rini Muharini, Rahmat Rasmawan

Abstract


Diabetes melitus yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia akut telah menjadi epidemi di seluruh dunia. Salah satu tumbuhan di Indonesia yang memiliki potensi empiris sebagai antidiabetes adalah kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.). Ada 3 jenis varian kratom yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat yaitu varian kratom hijau, merah, dan putih. Varian ini dibedakan dengan adanya urat pada daun kratom. Namun penelitian antidiabetes dengan mekanisme penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase dari daun kratom varian merah, hijau, dan putih belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase oleh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.)Berbagai varian. Serbuk tiga varian daun kratom dimaserasi dengan etanol 96% selama 72 jam, dan penghambatan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase menggunakan ekstrak etanol dan akarbose sebagai kontrol positif. Pengujian in vitro dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat microplate reader dengan panjang gelombang 405 nm. Ekstrak etanol daun kratom varian merah, hijau, dan putih 96% pada konsentrasi 500 μg/ml dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase masing-masing sebesar 10,57%, 13,06%, dan 5,33%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga varian kratom tersebut memiliki aktivitas sebagai penghambat enzim α-glukosidase namun tergolong sangat lemah, dengan IC50>200 μg/ml. Aktivitas penghambatan ketiga ekstrak berbeda nyata (p<0,05). Perbedaan ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kandungan metabolit sekunder pada masing-masing varian kratom.

Keywords


Mytragina speciosa; alfa-glukosidase; diabetes melitus

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v11i3.7776

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