Napa Soil-Derived NiAl₂O₄/MWCNT-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Cd²⁺ Detection

Authors

  • Stevy Dara Ayu Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6740-1139
  • Mawardi Mawardi Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang, Indonesia
  • Hary Sanjaya Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang, Indonesia
  • Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang, Indonesia
  • Okta Suryani Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Barat, Padang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v14i3.21268

Keywords:

NiAl₂O₄, Napa Soil, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Glassy Carbon Electrode, Cadmium Ion

Abstract

Cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) are toxic environmental pollutants that require sensitive and reliable detection methods. This study aimed to develop a NiAl₂O₄/MWCNT-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using NiAl₂O₄ synthesized from napa soil as a sustainable local resource for electrochemical Cd²⁺ detection. The electrode was fabricated through a drop-casting method and characterized using cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrode was evaluated for Cd²⁺ detection, including the effects of supporting electrolytes, stability, and analytical performance. The results showed that the incorporation of NiAl₂O₄ and multi-walled carbon nanotubes significantly enhanced the electrochemical response and electron-transfer kinetics compared with the bare GCE. Among the tested electrolytes, 0.1 M KCl provided the highest current response. The sensor exhibited a linear response toward Cd²⁺ concentrations in the range of 1–4 mM with a regression equation of y = 14.332x + 39.895 and a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9941. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated as 0.2988 mM and 0.9961 mM, respectively. In addition, the electrode demonstrated good stability during repeated measurements. These findings indicate that the napa soil-derived NiAl₂O₄/MWCNT-modified GCE is a promising, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable platform for Cd²⁺ monitoring.

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Ayu, S. D., Mawardi, M., Sanjaya, H., Ningsih, S. K. W., & Suryani, O. (2026). Napa Soil-Derived NiAl₂O₄/MWCNT-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Cd²⁺ Detection. Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia, 14(3), 472–478. https://doi.org/10.33394/hjkk.v14i3.21268

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 3 (2026): June 2026

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Copyright (c) 2026 Stevy Dara Ayu, Mawardi Mawardi, Hary Sanjaya, Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih, Okta Suryani

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