Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) terhadap Bakteri Vibrio sp. Penyebab Vibriosis pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Sari Hidayati, Salnida Yuniarti Lumbessy, Fariq Azhar

Abstract


The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of kitolod leaves is active against Vibrio sp. that causing vibriosis in vaname shrimp by in vitro method. Kitolod leaf extract was made using maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. Kitolod leaf ethanol extract was analyzed by GC-MS. Antibacterial testing using the disk diffusion method used 4 concentration variations, namely: 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100% against 3 types of Vibrio sp. bacteria, namely: Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio alginolyticus. The antibiotic rifampicin was used as a positive control, and aquades as a negative control. This study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications. The results of characterization and identification by GC-MS showed the presence of an active compound of phthalic acid in the ethanol extract of kitolod leaves. Kitolod leaf extract 25%, 50%, and 100% had the same ability to inhibit the growth of Vibrio alginolyticus. Kitolod leaf extract 50% and 100% had the same ability to inhibit Vibrio harveyi and kitolod leaf extract 100% had a better ability to inhibit the growth of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Keywords


Kitolod, Antibacterial, Vibrio sp., Vaname Shrimp.

Full Text:

Full Paper

References


Agustini, W.N.S., Kusmiati, dan Handayani, D. (2017). Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Asam Lemak dari Mikroalga Lyngbya sp. Biopropal Industri, 8(2), 99-107.

Angelika, G.P., Suprihadi, A., dan Pujiyanto, S. (2014). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Tumbuhan Euphorbia hirta L. terhadap Ralstonia solanacearum, Escherichia coli, dan Staphylococcus aureus Secara in Vitro. Jurnal Biologi, 3(2), 49-58.

Budianto, Prajitno, A., dan Yuniarti, A. (2015). Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Buah Adas (Foeniculum vulgare, Mill) pada Vibrio harveyi dan Vibrio alginolyticus. Agritech, 35(3), 266-272.

Dey, A., and Chatterji, D. (2012). Tracing the Variation in Physiological Response to Rifampicin Across the Microbial Spectrum. Journal of Bacteriology and Virology, 42(2), 87-100.

Farida, E.N., Diantari, R., Harpeni, E., Wardiyanto, Hasani, Q., Yulianto, H., Yusuf, M.W., dan Susanti, O. (2020). The Effect of Immersion of Mangrove Avicennia alba (Tomlinson, 1986) Leaf Extract with Different Concentrations in Preventing Bacterial Disease Vibrio harveyi (Johnson & Shunk, 1936) in Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (Boone, 1931). E-Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Budidaya Perairan, 8(2), 1001-1008.

Fazil, M., Suci, R.N., Allfiah, F., Alam, D.N., Angelia, G., Situmeang, B., Kimia, P.S., Tinggi, S., dan Kimia, A. (2017). Analisis Senyawa Alkaloid dan Flavonoid dari Ekstrak Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) dan Uji. Itekimia, 2(1), 73-83.

Ghofroh, A.A. (2017). Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) terhadap Percepatan Penyembuhan Luka Bakar (Combustio) Derajat II A pada Mencit (Mus musculus). Skripsi. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.

Indrawati, A., dan Latif, M. (2016). Uji Aktivitas Anti Mikobakterium Tuberkulosis Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.). Majalah Farmasi Nasional, 13(2), 38-45.

Julianto, T.S. (2019). Fitokimia Tinjauan Metabolit Sekunder dan Skrining Fitokimia. Yogyakarta: Universitas Islam Indonesia.

Litaay, M., Sari, K., Gobel, R.B., dan Haedar, N. (2017). Potensi Abalon Tropis Haliotis asinina sebagai Sumber Inokulum. Spermonde, 3(1), 42-46.

Mastuti, R., Syawal, H., dan Lukistyowati, I. (2018). Pengobatan Penyakit MAS (Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia) dengan Ekstrak Daun Mangrove (Rhizophora sp.) pada Ikan Jambal Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, 5(1), 1-12.

Muliani, M., Tampangallo, B.R., dan Atmomarsono, M. (2016). Aktivitas Antibakteri Penyebab Vibriosis terhadap Udang Windu dari Ekstrak Herbal Mangrove Sonneratia alba dan Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur, 11(3), 281-289.

Nisa, T.C. (2019). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora L.) C, Prest terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan Kontrol Antibiotik Ofloxacin. Jurnal Farmasindo Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta, 3(1), 8-11.

Novianti, T., Saleh, C., dan Erwin. (2019). Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder. Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman, 17(1), 11-15.

Prayoga, E. (2013). Perbandingan Efek Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) dengan Metode Difusi Disk dan Sumuran terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Foundations of Physics, 34(3), 361-403.

Purnama, R., Melki, Putri, W.A.E., dan Rozirwan. (2011). Potensi Ekstrak Rumput Laut Halimeda renchii dan Euchema cottonii sebagai Antibakteri Vibrio sp. Maspari Journal, 2(1), 82-88.

Saptiani, G., Prayitno, S.B., dan Anggoro, S. (2013). Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius) terhadap Vibrio harveyi Secara in Vitro. Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 7(1), 17-20.

Simanjuntak, H.A. (2020). Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora) Leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 8(1), 52-54.

Suciati, A., Wardiyanto, W., dan Sumino, S. (2012). Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Rhizophora mucronata dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Aeromonas salmonicida dan Vibrio harveyi. E-Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Budidaya Perairan, 1(1), 1-8.

Surjowardojo, P., Susilorini, T.E., dan Panjaitan, A.A. (2015). Daya Hambat Jus Kulit Apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestris Mill.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Penyebab Mastitis pada Sapi Perah. Ternak Tropika, 16(2), 30-39.

Yulianingtyas, A., dan Kusmartono, B. (2016). Optimasi Volume Pelarut dan Waktu Maserasi Pengambilan Flavonoid Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa Bilimbi L.). Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 10(2), 58-64.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v9i1.3557

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Editorial Address: Pemuda Street No. 59A, Catur Building Floor I, Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia