PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DUA VARIETAS KACANG TANAH DALAM TUMPANGSARI REPLACEMENT SERIES DENGAN PADI BERAS HITAM SISTEM IRIGASI AEROBIK PADA BEDENG

Siti Zainab, Wayan Wangiyana

Abstract


This study aimed to determine growth and yield of two varieties of peanut in a 2:2 replacement series intercropping system with black rice under aerobic irrigation system on raised-beds. The experiment, carried out on irrigated rice fields in South Kediri village (West Lombok, NTB) from May to August 2019, was arranged according to Split Split-Plot Design with three treatment factors, namely intercropping system as the main plots (T1: intercropping 2:2 rows between peanuts and black rice; T2: peanut monocrop), peanut varieties as the sub-plots (V1: Bison; V2: Hypoma-1 variety), and combinations of inorganic-organic-bio-fertilizers for black rice as the sub-sub-plots (P1: NPK fertilizer only; P2: NPK+Petroganik; P3: NPK+Petroganik+mycorrhiza bio-fertilizer). The intercropped peanut was fertilized only with 200 kg/ha Phonska (NPK). The results indicated that the most influencing treatment factors were intercropping systems and combinations of inorganic-organic-bio-fertilizers. However, there were significant two-factor-interactions, namely between varieties and intercropping systems on peanut leaf number, dry stover weight and dry filled-pod weight, and between intercropping systems and fertilizer combinations on seed yield and harvest index. Dry seed yields were not significantly different between varieties, but were higher under P3 (21.17 g/clump) or P2 (20.67 g/clump) compared to P1 (19.35 g/clump), while peanut intercropped with black rice resulted in higher seed yield (22.10 g/clump) than monocroped peanuts (18.69 g/clump). Based on the interaction between intercropping systems and fertilizer combinations, the highest seed yield was obtained in peanuts intercropped with black rice fertilized with NPK+organic+bio-fertilizer (23.65 g/clump) and the lowest average was in monocropped peanuts (17.87 g/clump).

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bethlenfalvay G. J., Reyes-Solis, M. G., Camel, S. B., and Eerrera-Cerrato, R. (1991) ‘Nutrient transfer between the root zones of Soybean and Maize Plants Connected by a common Mycorrhizal Mycelium’. Physiologia Plantarum, 82: 423-432.

Chu, G. X., Shen, Q. R., and Cao, J. L. (2004) ‘Nitrogen Fixation and N Transfer from Peanut to Rice Cultivated in Aerobic Soil in an Intercropping System and its Effect on Soil N Fertility’. Plant and Soil, 263: 17-27.

Dulur, N.W.D., Wangiyana, W., Farida, F., and Kusnarta, I.G.M. (2019) ‘Improved Growth and Yield Formation of Red Rice under Aerobic Irrigation System and Intercropping with Peanuts’. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 12(8): 12-17. Available at : http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-javs/papers/Vol12-issue8/Series-1/C1208011217.pdf.

Hamel, C., and Smith, D. L. (1991) ‘Interspecific N-transfer and Plant Development in a Mycorrhizal Field-grown Mixture’. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 23: 661-665.

Harsono, A. (2012) ‘Inovasi Teknologi Budidaya Berbasis Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Kacang Tanah’. Orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset Bidang Budidaya Tanaman. Kementerian Pertanian dan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia. Bogor, 5 April 2012.

Hutabarat, B. (2003) ‘Prospect of Feed Crops to Support the Livestock Evolution in South Asia: Framework of the Study Project’. In Proc. of Workshop on the CGPRT Feed Crops Supply/Demand and Potential/Constraints for Their Expansion in South Asia held in Bogor. Indonesia. Sept 3–4. 2002. CGPRT Centre Monograph No. 42. Bogor. Indonesia.

Inal, A., Gunes, A., Zhang, F., and Cakmak, I. (2007) ‘Peanut/maize Intercropping Induced Changes in Rhizosphere and Nutrient Concentrations in Shoots’. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 45: 350-356.

Iryani, E., Wangiyana, W., dan Dulur, N. W. D. (2019) ‘Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Berbagai Varietas Kacang Tanah antara Penanaman secara Monokrop dan bersama Padi Beras Merah pada Sistem Irigasi Aerobik’. Crop Agro, 12(1): 59-68.

Kasno, A., dan Harnowo, D. (2014) ‘Karakteristik Varietas Unggul Kacang Tanah dan Adopsinya oleh Petani’. Iptek Tanaman Pangan, 9(1): 13–23.

Park, S. E., Benjamin, L. R., and Watkinson, A. R. (2003) ‘The Theory and Application of Plant Competition Models: an Agronomic Perspective’. Annals of Botany, 92: 741-748.

Purba, F. H. K. (2012) ‘Potensi Pengembangan Kacang Tanah dalam Peluang Usaha di Berbagai Daerah Indonesia’. Available at : http://heropurba.blogspot.com/2012/11/potensi-pengembangan-kacang-tanah-dalam.html. Diakses 3 Juli 2020.

Riley, J. (2001) ‘Presentation of Statistical Analyses’. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 115–123.

Santosa, B. A. S. (2009) ‘Inovasi Teknologi Defatting: Peluang Peningkatan Diversifikasi Produk Kacang Tanah dalam Industri Pangan’. Orasi Pengukuhan Profesor Riset Bidang Pengolahan Hasil. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Bogor.

Shen, Q., and Chu, G. (2004) ‘Bi-directional Nitrogen Transfer in an Intercropping System of Peanut with Rice Cultivated in Aerobic Soil’. Biol Fertil Soils, 40: 81–87.

Wangiyana, W., Aryana, I.G.P.M., and Dulur, N.W.D. (2019) ‘Increasing Yield Components of Several Promising Lines of Red Rice Through Application of Mycorrhiza Bio-Fertilizer and Additive Intercropping with Soybean in Aerobic Irrigation System’. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 4(5): 1619-1624.

Wangiyana, W., Aryana, I.G.P.M., and Dulur, N.W.D. (2021b) ‘Mycorrhiza Biofertilizer and Intercropping with Soybean Increase Anthocyanin Contents and Yield of Upland Red Rice Under Aerobic Irrigation Systems’. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 637 012087. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/637/1/012087.

Wangiyana, W., Aryana, I.G.P.M., Gunartha, I.G.E., and Dulur, N.W.D. (2017) ‘Effects of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth and Yield of Promising Line of Red Rice Grown Together with Several Peanut Varieties’. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 10(9): 18-23. Available at : http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-javs/papers/Vol10-issue9/Version-2/D1009021823.pdf

Wangiyana, W., Aryana, I.G.P.M., Gunartha, I.G.E., and Dulur, N.W.D. (2018a) ‘Intercropping with Soybean and Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza to Increase Panicle Production of Various Promising Lines of Upland and Amphibious Red Rice on Aerobic System’. Pros. Sem. Nas. Lingk. Lahan Basah, 3(2): 388-393. Available at : http://snllb.ulm.ac.id/prosiding/index.php/snllb-lit/article/view/86/84.

Wangiyana, W., Aryana, I.G.P.M., Gunartha, I.G.E., and Dulur, N.W.D. (2018b) ‘Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza terhadap Komponen Hasil Padi Sistem Pengairan Aerobik yang Ditumpangsarikan dengan Kacang Hijau’. AgriTECH (UGM), 18(3): 234-240 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.29062

Wangiyana, W., Dulur, N.W.D., Farida, N., and Kusnarta, I.G.M. (2021a) ‘Additive Intercropping with Peanut Relay-Planted Between Different Patterns of Rice Rows Increases Yield of Red Rice in Aerobic Irrigation System’. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 33(3): 202-210, Apr. 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2021.v33.i3.2661.

Wangiyana, W., Farida, N., and Abdurrachman, A. (2020a) ‘Relay-planting of Peanuts Between Double or Triple Rows at Different Dates Increases Growth, Nitrogen Content, and Yield of Red Rice Under Aerobic Irrigation Systems’. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 5(5):1378-1382. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.55.26.

Wangiyana, W., Farida, N., Zubaidi, A., and Suliartini, N.W.S. (2020b) ‘Improvement of Red Rice Yield by Changing from Conventional to Aerobic Irrigation Systems Intercropped with Soybean at Different Dates’. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 5(6): 1653-1658. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.56.32.

Wangiyana, W., Ngawit, I.K., Farida, N., Dulur, N.W.D., and Zainab, S. (2020c) ‘Organic and Bio-fertilizer Application to Increase Yield of Black Rice under Aerobic Irrigation System and Intercropping with Peanut’. Proc. Intl. Conf. on Science and Technology (ICST), 1: 9-15. Available at : http://procceding.unram.ac.id/index.php/icst/article/view/20.

Warsana (2013) ‘Introduksi Teknologi Tumpangsari Jagung dan Kacang Tanah’. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Available at : http://www.litbang.deptan.go.id/artikel/one/234/. Diakses pada 19 Desember, 2018.

Xue, Y., Xia, H., Christies, P., Zhang, Z., Li, L., and Tang, C. (2016) ‘Crop acquisition of phosphorus, iron and zinc from soil in cereal/legume intercropping systems: a critical review’. Annals of Botany, 117: 363–377.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/jss.v4i1.3942

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Siti Zainab, Wayan Wangiyana