Ezir, E. et al. 2026. Semiotic Landscapes of Deli Serdang Traditional Markets: Linguistic, Visual, Material, and Spatial Expressions of Cultural Identity and Local Wisdom. JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching. 14, 4 (Oct. 2026), 1086–1101. DOI:https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v14i4.19540.