DNA Barcoding for Species Identification and Antioxidant Evaluation of Kapul (Baccaurea spp.): Implication for The Conservation of Native Plants of Kalimantan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v14i3.20411Keywords:
Antioxidant activity, Baccaurea spp., DNA barcoding, matK, rbcLAbstract
This study aimed to characterize the molecular identity of three morphologically distinct Kapul types from West Kutai, East Kalimantan, using DNA barcoding based on the matK and rbcL genes, and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of their leaf extracts. Leaf samples were subjected to DNA extraction, PCR amplification, Sanger sequencing, and subsequent BLAST comparison against reference sequences available in the GenBank database. The BLAST analysis revealed high sequence similarity with several Baccaurea species, with sequence identity values generally exceeding 98%. However, the highest similarity matches were not consistently assigned to a single species across different barcode regions, indicating limitations of the matK and rbcL markers in resolving species-level identification among closely related taxa. Antioxidant evaluation of ethanolic leaf extracts demonstrated strong activity, with IC₅₀ values of 6.94 ppm, 10.30 ppm, and 15.08 ppm for Samples 1, 2, and 3, respectively. These findings reveal high molecular similarity among the investigated Kapul types and provide preliminary evidence of their antioxidant potential, while highlighting the need for additional molecular markers to improve species-level identification and support future conservation studies.
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